SQL Wildcard Operators
SQL Wildcard Operators are used to substitute any other character(s) in a string.
- SQL database support two Wildcard characters operators in conjunction with the LIKE operator.
- The LIKE operator is used in a WHERE clause to search for a specified pattern in a column.
SQL WILDCARD Types
There are Two type of Wildcards used in SQL databse:
PERCENT '%' SQL Wildcard
- '%' Percent Wildcard is used to matches one or more characters.
- BUT MS Access uses the asterisk (*) wildcard character instead of the percent sign (%) wildcard character.
UNDERSCORE '_' SQL Wildcard
- '_' Underscore Wildcard is used to matche one character.
- BUT MS Access uses a question mark (?) instead of the underscore (_) to match any one character.
LIKE Operator with discription
Patterns with Operator |
Description |
Where column_name LIKE 'b%' |
Finds any values that START with "b" in that column |
Where column_name LIKE '%b' |
Finds any values that END with "b" in that column |
Where column_name LIKE '%b%' |
Finds any values that have "b" in any position |
Where column_name LIKE '_a%' |
Finds any values that have "a" in any seccond position |
Where column_name LIKE 'b__%' |
Finds any values that START with "b" and at least 3 characters in lenght |
Where column_name LIKE 'b%c' |
Finds any values that START with "b" and END with "c" |
EXAMPLE: SQL Wildcards
Student Table
A table of student records, the name of table is "Student", and the name of columns are [ROLL_NO, STUDENT_NAME, ADDRESS, MOBILE_NO, AGE, and BRANCH]:
ROLL_NO |
STUDENT_NAME |
ADDRESS |
MOBILE_NO |
AGE |
BRANCH |
1 |
Mohit Sharma |
Delhi |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
IT |
2 |
Pooja Pandit |
Kolkata |
XXXXXXXX34 |
18 |
CSE |
3 |
Priya Pandey |
Delhi |
XXXXXXXX62 |
19 |
EEE |
4 |
Mohit Kumar Jha |
Allahabad U.P |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
ECE |
5 |
Shevani Shree |
Noida U.P |
XXXXXXXX51 |
17 |
IT |
6 |
Badshah |
Mumbai |
XXXXXXXX02 |
20 |
Civil |
7 |
Viki Mohan |
Pune |
XXXXXXXX72 |
19 |
CSE |
8 |
Sona Kaur |
Indor M.P |
XXXXXXXX81 |
22 |
ME |
EXAMPLE '%' Wildcard with [LIKE Operator] 'b%'
SELECT *
FROM Student
WHERE STUDENT_NAME LIKE 'p%';
Result Look Like
ROLL_NO |
STUDENT_NAME |
ADDRESS |
MOBILE_NO |
AGE |
BRANCH |
2 |
Pooja Pandit |
Kolkata |
XXXXXXXX34 |
18 |
CSE |
3 |
Priya Pandey |
Delhi |
XXXXXXXX62 |
19 |
EEE |
EXAMPLE '%' Wildcard with [LIKE Operator] '%a'
SELECT *
FROM Student
WHERE STUDENT_NAME LIKE '%a';
Result Look Like
ROLL_NO |
STUDENT_NAME |
ADDRESS |
MOBILE_NO |
AGE |
BRANCH |
1 |
Mohit Sharma |
Delhi |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
IT |
4 |
Mohit Kumar Jha |
Allahabad U.P |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
ECE |
EXAMPLE '_' and '%' Wildcard with [LIKE Operator] '_o%'
SELECT *
FROM Student
WHERE STUDENT_NAME LIKE '_o%';
Result Look Like
ROLL_NO |
STUDENT_NAME |
ADDRESS |
MOBILE_NO |
AGE |
BRANCH |
1 |
Mohit Sharma |
Delhi |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
IT |
2 |
Pooja Pandit |
Kolkata |
XXXXXXXX34 |
18 |
CSE |
4 |
Mohit Kumar Jha |
Allahabad U.P |
XXXXXXXX87 |
20 |
ECE |
8 |
Sona Kaur |
Indor M.P |
XXXXXXXX81 |
22 |
ME |